Brazil has traditionally been a net recipient of immigrants, with its southeast being the prime destination. After the importation of African slaves was outlawed in the mid-19th century, Brazil sought Europeans (Italians, Portuguese, Spaniards, and Germans) and later Asians (Japanese) to work in agriculture, especially coffee cultivation. Recent immigrants come mainly from Argentina, Chile, and Andean countries (many are unskilled illegal migrants) or are returning Brazilian nationals. Since Brazil's economic downturn in the 1980s, emigration to the United States, Europe, and Japan has been rising but is negligible relative to Brazil's total population. The majority of these emigrants are well-educated and middle-class. Fewer Brazilian peasants are emigrating to neighboring countries to take up agricultural work.

Population:
202,656,788 (July 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6
[see also: Population country ranks ]

Age structure:
0-14 years: 23.8% (male 24,534,129/female 23,606,332)
15-24 years: 16.5% (male 16,993,708/female 16,521,057)
25-54 years: 43.7% (male 43,910,790/female 44,674,915)
55-64 years: 8.4% (male 8,067,022/female 9,036,519)
65 years and over: 7.6% (male 6,507,069/female 8,805,247) (2014 est.)
population pyramid:

Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 45.8 %
youth dependency ratio: 34.4 %
elderly dependency ratio: 11.3 %
potential support ratio: 8.8 (2014 est.)

Median age:
total: 30.7 years
male: 29.9 years
female: 31.5 years (2014 est.)

Population growth rate:
0.8% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]

Birth rate:
14.72 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]

Death rate:
6.54 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 148
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]

Net migration rate:
-0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 117
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]

Urbanization:
urban population: 84.6% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: 1.15% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major urban areas - population:
Sao Paulo 19.924 million; Rio de Janeiro 11.96 million; Belo Horizonte 5.487 million; Porto Alegre 3.933 million; Recife 3.733 million; BRASILIA (capital) 3.813 million (2011)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Maternal mortality rate:
56 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 103
[see also: Maternal mortality rate country ranks ]

Infant mortality rate:
total: 19.21 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 94
male: 22.47 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 73.28 years
country comparison to the world: 126
male: 69.73 years
female: 77 years (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate:
1.79 children born/woman (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]

Contraceptive prevalence rate:
80.3% (2006)
[see also: Contraceptive prevalence rate country ranks ]

Health expenditures:
8.9% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 47
[see also: Health expenditures country ranks ]

Physicians density:
1.76 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
[see also: Physicians density country ranks ]

Hospital bed density:
2.3 beds/1,000 population (2011)
[see also: Hospital bed density country ranks ]

Drinking water source:
improved: