Location:
north-eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea
Geographic coordinates:
15 00 N, 30 00 E
Map references:
Africa
Area:
Area - comparative: Land boundaries:
Coastline: Maritime claims:
Climate: Terrain: Elevation extremes:
Natural resources: Land use:
Irrigated land: Total renewable water resources: Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Natural hazards: Environment - current issues: Environment - international agreements:
Geography - note:
total:
1,861,484 sq km
country comparison to the world: 16
land:
NA
water:
NA
slightly less than one-fifth the size of the US
total:
6,751 km
border countries:
Central African Republic 175 km, Chad 1,360 km, Egypt 1,275 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 769 km, Libya 383 km, South Sudan 2,184 km
note:
Sudan-South Sudan boundary represents 1 January 1956 alignment; final alignment pending negotiations and demarcation; final sovereignty status of Abyei region pending negotiations between Sudan and South Sudan
[see also: Land boundaries country ranks ]
853 km
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]
territorial sea:
12 nm
contiguous zone:
18 nm
continental shelf:
200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation
hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
More Climate Details
generally flat, featureless plain; desert dominates the north
lowest point:
Red Sea 0 m
highest point:
Jabal Marrah 3,071 m
petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold; hydropower
arable land:
6.76%
permanent crops:
0.07%
other:
93.17% (2011)
18,900 sq km (2010)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]
64.5 cu km (2011)
[see also: Total renewable water resources country ranks ]
total:
27.59 cu km/yr (4%/1%/95%)
per capita:
683.4 cu m/yr (2005)
dust storms and periodic persistent droughts
inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification; periodic drought
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
dominated by the Nile and its tributaries