World Geography 1997

Map references World, Time Zones

Area
total: 510.072 million sq km
land: 148.94 million sq km
water: 361.132 million sq km
note : 70.8% of the world's surface is water, 29.2% is land

Area - comparative land area about 15 times the size of the US

Land boundaries the land boundaries in the world total 251,480.24 km (not counting sharedboundaries twice)

Coastline 356,000 km

Maritime claims
contiguous zone: 24 nm claimed by most but can vary
continental shelf: 200-m depth claimed by most or to depth of exploitation, others claim200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive fishing zone : 200 nm claimed by most but can vary
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm claimed by most but can vary
territorial sea: 12 nm claimed by most but can vary
note: boundary situations with neighboring states prevent many countries fromextending their fishing or economic zones to a full 200 nm; 43 nations andother areas that are landlocked include Afghanistan, Andorra, Armenia, Austria,Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, CentralAfrican Republic, Chad, Czech Republic, Ethiopia, Holy See (Vatican City),Hungary, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,Malawi, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, Paraguay, Rwanda, San Marino,Slovakia, Swaziland, Switzerland, Tajikistan, The Former Yugoslav Republicof Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, West Bank, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Climate two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperatezones from a wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates

Terrain the greatest ocean depth is the Marianas Trench at 10,924 m in the PacificOcean

Elevation extremes
lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m
highest point: Mount Everest 8,848 m

Natural resources the rapid using up of nonrenewable mineral resources, the depletionof forest areas and wetlands, the extinction of animal and plant species,and the deterioration in air and water quality (especially in Eastern Europeand the former USSR) pose serious long-term problems that governments andpeoples are only beginning to address

Land use
arable land: 10%
permanent crops: 1%
permanent pastures: 26%
forests and woodland: 32%
other: 31% (1993 est.)

Irrigated land 2,481,250 sq km (1993 est.)

Natural hazards large areas subject to severe weather (tropical cyclones), natural disasters(earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions)

Environment - current issues large areas subject to overpopulation, industrial disasters, pollution(air, water, acid rain, toxic substances), loss of vegetation (overgrazing, deforestation, desertification), loss of wildlife, soil degradation, soildepletion, erosion

Environment - international agreements selected international environmental agreements are included under theEnvironment - international agreements entry for each country and in the SelectedInternational Environmental Agreements appendix

NOTE: The information regarding World on this page is re-published from the 1997 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of World Geography 1997 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about World Geography 1997 should be addressed to the CIA.