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Ecuador Geography 1999

    Location: Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru

    Geographic coordinates: 2 00 S, 77 30 W

    Map references: South America

    Area:
    total: 283,560 sq km
    land: 276,840 sq km
    water: 6,720 sq km
    note: includes Galapagos Islands

    Area—comparative: slightly smaller than Nevada

    Land boundaries:
    total: 2,010 km
    border countries: Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km

    Coastline: 2,237 km

    Maritime claims:
    continental shelf: claims continental shelf between mainland and Galapagos Islands
    territorial sea: 200 nm

    Climate: tropical along coast becoming cooler inland

    Terrain: coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)

    Elevation extremes:
    lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
    highest point: Chimborazo 6,267 m

    Natural resources: petroleum, fish, timber

    Land use:
    arable land: 6%
    permanent crops: 5%
    permanent pastures: 18%
    forests and woodland: 56%
    other: 15% (1993 est.)

    Irrigated land: 5,560 sq km (1993 est.)

    Natural hazards: frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; periodic droughts

    Environment—current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution; pollution from oil production wastes

    Environment—international agreements:
    party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
    signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

    Geography—note: Cotopaxi in Andes is highest active volcano in world

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Revised 1-Mar-99
Copyright © 1999 Photius Coutsoukis (all rights reserved)