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    Bhut�n Econom�a 2000

      Econom�a - descripci�n: The economy, one of the world's smallest and least developed, is based on agriculture and forestry, which provide the main livelihood for 90% of the population and account for about 40% of GDP. Agriculture consists largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. Rugged mountains dominate the terrain and make the building of roads and other infrastructure difficult and expensive. The economy is closely aligned with India's through strong trade and monetary links. The industrial sector is technologically backward, with most production of the cottage industry type. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian migrant labor. Bhutan's hydropower potential and its attraction for tourists are key resources. The Bhutanese Government has made some progress in expanding the nation's productive base and improving social welfare. Model education, social, and environment programs in Bhutan are underway with support from multilateral development organizations. Each economic program takes into account the government's desire to protect the country's environment and cultural traditions. Detailed controls and uncertain policies in areas like industrial licensing, trade, labor, and finance continue to hamper foreign investment.

      Producto Bruto Interno (PBI): purchasing power parity - $2.1 billion (1999 est.)

      PBI - Indice de Incremento real: 7% (1999 est.)

      PBI - por capital: purchasing power parity - $1,060 (1999 est.)

      PBI - Composici�n por Sector:
      agriculture: 38%
      industry: 37%
      services: 25% (1998)

      Poblaci�n bajo linea de pobertad: NA%

      Ingreso en casa o porcentage de consumci�n:
      lowest 10%: NA%
      highest 10%: NA%

      Indice de Inflaci�n (precios del consumidor): 9% (1998)

      Fuerza Laboral: NA
      note: massive lack of skilled labor

      Fuerza Laboral - por ocupaci�n: agriculture 93%, services 5%, industry and commerce 2%

      Indice de desempleo: NA%

      Presupuesto:
      revenues: $146 million
      expenditures: $152 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96 est.)
      note: the government of India finances nearly three-fifths of Bhutan's budget expenditures

      Industrias: cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages, calcium carbide

      Industrial production growth rate: 9.3% (1996 est.)

      Electricidad - Producci�n: 1.788 billion kWh (1998)

      Electricidad - producci�n por fuente:
      fossil fuel: 0.39%
      hydro: 99.61%
      nuclear: 0%
      other: 0% (1998)

      Electricidad - consumci�n: 345 million kWh (1998)

      Electricidad - exportaciones: 1.339 billion kWh
      note: exports electricity to India (1998)

      Electricidad - importaciones: 21 million kWh (1998)

      Agricultura - productos: rice, corn, root crops, citrus, foodgrains; dairy products, eggs

      Exportaciones: $111 million (f.o.b., 1998)

      Exporationes - comodidades: cardamom, gypsum, timber, handicrafts, cement, fruit, electricity (to India), precious stones, spices

      Exportaciones - socios: India 94%, Bangladesh

      Importaciones: $136 million (c.i.f., 1998)

      Importaciones - comodidades: fuel and lubricants, grain, machinery and parts, vehicles, fabrics, rice

      Importaciones - socios: India 77%, Japan, UK, Germany, US

      Deuda - externa: $120 million (1998)

      Ayuda economica - recipiente: $73.8 million (1995)

      Moneda: 1 ngultrum (Nu) = 100 chetrum; note - Indian currency is also legal tender

      Indice de intercambio: ngultrum (Nu) per US$1 - 43.552 (January 2000), 43.055 (1999), 41.259 (1998), 36.313 (1997), 35.433 (1996), 32.427 (1995); note - the Bhutanese ngultrum is at par with the Indian rupee

      A�o Fiscal: 1 July - 30 June

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    Revisto 01-Nov-00
    Copyright © 2000 Photius Coutsoukis (all rights reserved)


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