Location:
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia
Geographic coordinates:
44 00 N, 18 00 E
Map references:
Europe
Area:
Area - comparative: Land boundaries:
Coastline: Maritime claims:
no data available
Climate: Terrain: Elevation extremes:
Natural resources: Land use:
Irrigated land: Total renewable water resources: Natural hazards: Environment - current issues: Environment - international agreements:
Geography - note:
total:
51,197 sq km
country comparison to the world: 129
land:
51,187 sq km
water:
10 sq km
slightly smaller than West Virginia
total:
1,543 km
border countries:
Croatia 956 km, Montenegro 242 km, Serbia 345 km
[see also: Land boundaries country ranks ]
20 km
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]
hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast
More Climate Details
mountains and valleys
lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point:
Maglic 2,386 m
coal, iron ore, bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, cobalt, manganese, nickel, clay, gypsum, salt, sand, timber, hydropower
arable land:
19.63%
permanent crops:
1.99%
other:
78.38% (2011)
30 sq km (2003)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]
37.5 cu km (2011)
[see also: Total renewable water resources country ranks ]
destructive earthquakes
air pollution from metallurgical plants; sites for disposing of urban waste are limited; water shortages and destruction of infrastructure because of the 1992-95 civil strife; deforestation
party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
within Bosnia and Herzegovina's recognized borders, the country is divided into a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation (about 51% of the territory) and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska or RS (about 49% of the territory); the region called Herzegovina is contiguous to Croatia and Montenegro, and traditionally has been settled by an ethnic Croat majority in the west and an ethnic Serb majority in the east