Location:
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey
Geographic coordinates:
43 00 N, 25 00 E
Map references:
Europe
Area:
Area - comparative: Land boundaries:
Coastline: Maritime claims:
Climate: Terrain: Elevation extremes:
Natural resources: Land use:
Irrigated land: Total renewable water resources: Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Natural hazards: Environment - current issues: Environment - international agreements:
Geography - note:
total:
110,879 sq km
country comparison to the world: 105
land:
108,489 sq km
water:
2,390 sq km
slightly larger than Tennessee
total:
1,806 km
border countries:
Greece 472 km, Macedonia 162 km, Romania 605 km, Serbia 344 km, Turkey 223 km
[see also: Land boundaries country ranks ]
354 km
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]
territorial sea:
12 nm
contiguous zone:
24 nm
exclusive economic zone:
200 nm
temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
More Climate Details
mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast
lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m
highest point:
Musala 2,925 m
bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land
arable land:
29.28%
permanent crops:
1.44%
other:
69.28% (2011)
1,046 sq km (2007)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]
21.3 cu km (2011)
[see also: Total renewable water resources country ranks ]
total:
6.12 cu km/yr (16%/68%/16%)
per capita:
821.8 cu m/yr (2009)
earthquakes; landslides
air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes
party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia