Economy - overview:
Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, small deposits of copper, gold, and other minerals, and recently discovered oil. Uganda has never conducted a national minerals survey. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986, the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. Since 1990 economic reforms ushered in an era of solid economic growth based on continued investment in infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, lower inflation, better domestic security, and the return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs. The global economic downturn hurt Uganda's exports; however, Uganda's GDP growth has largely recovered due to past reforms and sound management of the downturn. Oil revenues and taxes will become a larger source of government funding as oil comes on line in the next few years. Instability in South Sudan is a risk for the Ugandan economy because Uganda's main export partner is Sudan, and Uganda is a key destination for Sudanese refugees. Unreliable power, high energy costs, inadequate transportation infrastructure, and corruption inhibit economic development and investor confidence.

GDP (purchasing power parity):
$54.37 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 96
$51.47 billion (2012 est.)
$50.08 billion (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
[see also: GDP country ranks ]

GDP (official exchange rate):
$22.6 billion (2013 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]

GDP - real growth rate:
5.6% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 45
2.8% (2012 est.)
6.2% (2011 est.)
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]

GDP - per capita (PPP):
$1,500 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 204
$1,400 (2012 est.)
$1,500 (2011 est.)
note: data are in 2013 US dollars
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]

Gross national saving:
17.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 93
14.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
13.1% of GDP (2011 est.)
[see also: Gross national saving country ranks ]

GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption: 82.3%
government consumption: 7.6%
investment in fixed capital: 25.5%
investment in inventories: 0.2%
exports of goods and services: 22.8%
imports of goods and services: -38.3%
(2013 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 23.1%
industry: 26.9%
services: 50% (2013 est.)

Agriculture - products:
coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (manioc, tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses, cut flowers; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry

Industries:
sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production

Industrial production growth rate:
3.8% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 78
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]

Labor force:
17.4 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 35
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]

Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 82%
industry: 5%
services: 13% (1999 est.)

Unemployment rate:
NA%
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]

Population below poverty line:
24.5% (2009 est.)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 2.4%
highest 10%: 36.1% (2009 est.)

Distribution of family income - Gini index:
44.3 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 46
45.7 (2002)
[see also: Distribution of family income - Gini index country ranks ]

Budget:
revenues: $3.2 billion
expenditures: $3.803 billion (2013 est.)

Taxes and other revenues:
14.2% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 198
[see also: Taxes and other revenues country ranks ]

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-2.7% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
[see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ]

Public debt:
30.7% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
26.3% of GDP (2012 est.)
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]

Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
6.2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 178
14% (2012 est.)
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]

Central bank discount rate:
14% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
9.65% (31 December 2009 est.)
[see also: Central bank discount rate country ranks ]

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
23.7% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
26.31% (31 December 2012 est.)
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]

Stock of narrow money:
$2.455 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 121
$2.015 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]

Stock of broad money:
$4.049 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
$3.293 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]

Stock of domestic credit:
$3.67 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 120
$3.042 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]

Market value of publicly traded shares:
$7.294 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 70
$7.727 billion (31 December 2011)
$1.788 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
[see also: Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks ]

Current account balance:
-$1.908 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
-$2.232 billion (2012 est.)
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]

Exports:
$3.156 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 127
$2.811 billion (2012 est.)
[see also: Exports country ranks ]

Exports - commodities:
coffee, fish and fish products, tea, cotton, flowers, horticultural products; gold

Exports - partners:
Kenya 12.3%, Rwanda 10.3%, UAE 10.2%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 9.4%, Netherlands 6.1%, Germany 5.6%, Italy 4.4% (2012)

Imports:
$4.858 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
$5.187 billion (2012 est.)
[see also: Imports country ranks ]

Imports - commodities:
capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies; cereals

Imports - partners:
Kenya 15.6%, UAE 15.4%, China 12.8%, India 11.7%, South Africa 4.1%, Japan 4% (2012)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$3.579 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
$3.167 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
note: excludes gold
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]

Debt - external:
$5.223 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
$4.461 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$NA
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$NA
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks ]

Exchange rates:
Ugandan shillings (UGX) per US dollar -
2,604.6 (2013 est.)
2,505.6 (2012 est.)
2,177.6 (2010 est.)
2,030 (2009)
1,658.1 (2008)