Spain Government 1997

Country name
conventional long form: Kingdom of Spain
conventional short form: Spain
local short form: Espana

Data code SP

Government type parliamentary monarchy

National capital Madrid

Administrative divisions 17 autonomous communities (comunidades autonomas, singular - comunidadautonoma); Andalucia, Aragon, Asturias, Canarias, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha,Castilla y Leon, Cataluna, Communidad Valencian, Extremadura, Galicia, IslasBaleares, La Rioja, Madrid, Murcia, Navarra, Pais Vasco
note: there are five places of sovereignty on and off the coast of Morocco(Ceuta, Mellila, Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velezde la Gomera) with administrative status unknown

Independence 1492 (expulsion of the Moors and unification)

National holiday National Day, 12 October

Constitution 6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978

Legal system civil law system, with regional applications; does not accept compulsoryICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage 18 years of age; universal

Executive branch
chief of state: King JUAN CARLOS I (since 22 November 1975)
head of government : President of the Government Jose Maria AZNAR (since 5 May 1996); FirstVice President Francisco ALVAREZ-CASCOS FERNANDEZ (since 5 May 1996) and SecondVice President (and Minister of Economy and Finance) Rodrigo RATO FIGAREDO(since 5 May 1996)
cabinet: Council of Ministers designated by the president
note : there is also a Council of State that is the supreme consultative organof the government
elections: the king is a hereditary monarch; president proposed by the king andelected by the National Assembly following legislative elections; electionlast held 3 March 1996 (next to be held by NA 2000)
election results: Jose Maria AZNAR elected president; percent of National Assembly vote- NA

Legislative branch bicameral The General Courts or National Assembly or Las Cortes Generalesconsists of the Senate or Senado (256 seats; 208 members are directly electedby popular vote and the other 48 were appointed by the regional legislaturesto serve four-year terms) and the Congress of Deputies or Congreso de losDiputados (350 seats; members are elected by popular vote on block lists byproportional representation to serve four-year terms)
elections: Senate - last held 3 March 1996 (next to be held by March 2000); Congressof Deputies - last held 3 March 1996 (next to be held by March 2000)
election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PP 132, PSOE96, CiU 11, PNV 6, IU 2, others 9; Congress of Deputies - percent of voteby party - PP 38.9%, PSOE 37.5%, IU 10.7%, CiU 4.6%; seats by party - PP 156, PSOE 141, IU 21, CiU 16, other 16

Judicial branch Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo

Political parties and leaders
principal national parties, from right to left: Popular Party or PP [Jose Maria AZNAR Lopez]; Spanish Socialist WorkersParty or PSOE [Felipe GONZALEZ Marquez, secretary general]; Spanish CommunistParty or PCE [Julio ANGUITA Gonzalez]; United Left or IU (a coalition of partiesincluding the PCE and other small parties) [Julio ANGUITA Gonzalez]
chief regional parties: Convergence and Union or CiU [Jordi PUJOL, secretary general] (a coalitionof the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia or CDC [Pere ESTEVE] and the DemocraticUnion of Catalonia or UDC [Josep Antoni DURAN LLEIDA]); Basque NationalistParty or PNV [Xabier ARZALLUS Antia and Jose Antonio ARDANZA]; Canarian Coalitionor CC (a coalition of five parties)

Political pressure groups and leaders on the extreme left, the Basque Fatherland and Liberty or ETA and theFirst of October Antifascist Resistance Group or GRAPO use terrorism to opposethe government; free labor unions (authorized in April 1977); Workers Confederationor CC.OO; the Socialist General Union of Workers or UGT and the smaller independentWorkers Syndical Union or USO; business and landowning interests; the CatholicChurch; Opus Dei; university students

International organization participation AfDB, AG (observer), AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CERN, EBRD,ECE, ECLAC, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 8, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM,IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol,IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MTCR, NACC, NAM (guest), NATO,NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO,UNMIBH, UNU, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC

Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Antonio de OYARZABAL MARCHESI
chancery : 2375 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037
telephone: [1] (202) 452-0100, 728-2340
FAX: [1] (202) 833-5670
consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York,San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)

Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Richard N. GARDNER
embassy: Serrano 75, 28006 Madrid
mailing address : APO AE 09642
telephone: [34] (1) 587-2200
FAX: [34] (1) 587-2303
consulate(s) general: Barcelona

Flag description three horizontal bands of red (top), yellow (double width), and redwith the national coat of arms on the hoist side of the yellow band; the coatof arms includes the royal seal framed by the Pillars of Hercules, which arethe two promontories (Gibraltar and Ceuta) on either side of the eastern endof the Strait of Gibraltar

NOTE: The information regarding Spain on this page is re-published from the 1997 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Spain Government 1997 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Spain Government 1997 should be addressed to the CIA.