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Armenia Geography 1999

    Location: Southwestern Asia, east of Turkey

    Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 45 00 E

    Map references: Commonwealth of Independent States

    Area:
    total: 29,800 sq km
    land: 28,400 sq km
    water: 1,400 sq km

    Area—comparative: slightly smaller than Maryland

    Land boundaries:
    total: 1,254 km
    border countries: Azerbaijan-proper 566 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave 221 km, Georgia 164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km

    Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

    Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

    Climate: highland continental, hot summers, cold winters

    Terrain: Armenian Highland with mountains; little forest land; fast flowing rivers; good soil in Aras River valley

    Elevation extremes:
    lowest point: Debed River 400 m
    highest point: Aragats Lerr 4,095 m

    Natural resources: small deposits of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, alumina

    Land use:
    arable land: 17%
    permanent crops: 3%
    permanent pastures: 24%
    forests and woodland: 15%
    other: 41% (1993 est.)

    Irrigated land: 2,870 sq km (1993 est.)

    Natural hazards: occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts

    Environment—current issues: soil pollution from toxic chemicals such as DDT; energy blockade, the result of conflict with Azerbaijan, has led to deforestation when citizens scavenged for firewood; pollution of Hrazdan (Razdan) and Aras Rivers; the draining of Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan), a result of its use as a source for hydropower, threatens drinking water supplies; restart of Metsamor nuclear power plant without adequate (IAEA-recommended) safety and backup systems

    Environment—international agreements:
    party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban, Wetlands
    signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants

    Geography—note: landlocked

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Revised 1-Mar-99
Copyright © 1999 Photius Coutsoukis (all rights reserved)