Nationality:
noun: Romanian(s)
adjective: Romanian

Ethnic groups:
Romanian 83.4%, Hungarian 6.1%, Roma 3.1%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.2%, other 0.7%, unspecified 6.1% (2011 est.)

Languages:
Romanian (official) 85.4%, Hungarian 6.3%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.2%, other 1%, unspecified 6.1% (2011 est.)

Religions:
Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 81.9%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformed and Pentecostal) 6.4%, Roman Catholic 4.3%, other (includes Muslim) 0.9%, none or atheist 0.2%, unspecified 6.3% (2011 est.)

Population:
21,729,871 (July 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 58
[see also: Population country ranks ]

Age structure:
0-14 years: 14.6% (male 1,628,220/female 1,541,914)
15-24 years: 11.3% (male 1,258,746/female 1,197,681)
25-54 years: 45.7% (male 5,021,370/female 4,916,576)
55-64 years: 13% (male 1,320,781/female 1,508,878)
65 years and over: 15.1% (male 1,346,864/female 1,988,841) (2014 est.)
population pyramid:

Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 43.6 %
youth dependency ratio: 21.7 %
elderly dependency ratio: 21.9 %
potential support ratio: 4.6 (2014 est.)

Median age:
total: 39.8 years
male: 38.4 years
female: 41.4 years (2014 est.)

Population growth rate:
-0.29% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 216
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]

Birth rate:
9.27 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 206
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]

Death rate:
11.88 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 28
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]

Net migration rate:
-0.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 123
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]

Urbanization:
urban population: 52.8% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization: -0.18% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Major urban areas - population:
BUCHAREST (capital) 1.937 million (2011)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female
total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth:
26 (2011 est.)
[see also: Mother's mean age at first birth country ranks ]

Maternal mortality rate:
27 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 127
[see also: Maternal mortality rate country ranks ]

Infant mortality rate:
total: 10.16 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 140
male: 11.52 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 8.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 74.69 years
country comparison to the world: 108
male: 71.23 years
female: 78.36 years (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate:
1.32 children born/woman (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 214
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]

Contraceptive prevalence rate:
69.8%
note: percent of women aged 15-49 (2005)
[see also: Contraceptive prevalence rate country ranks ]

Health expenditures:
5.9% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 116
[see also: Health expenditures country ranks ]

Physicians density:
2.39 physicians/1,000 population (2010)
[see also: Physicians density country ranks ]

Hospital bed density:
6.3 beds/1,000 population (2010)
[see also: Hospital bed density country ranks ]

Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 98.5% of population
rural: 75.6% of population
total: 87.7% of population
unimproved:
urban: 1.5% of population
rural: 24.4% of population
total: 12.3% of population (2008 est.)

Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 87.9% of population
rural: 54.4% of population
total: 72.1% of population
unimproved:
urban: 12.1% of population
rural: 45.6% of population
total: 27.9% of population (2008 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.1% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
[see also: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
16,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
[see also: HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS country ranks ]

HIV/AIDS - deaths:
fewer than 1,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
[see also: HIV/AIDS - deaths country ranks ]

Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
19.1% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 101
[see also: Obesity - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]

Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
3.5% (2002)
country comparison to the world: 103
[see also: Children under the age of 5 years underweight country ranks ]

Education expenditures:
4.2% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 104
[see also: Education expenditures - percent of GDP country ranks ]

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.7%
male: 98.3%
female: 97.1% (2011 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 14 years
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2011)

Child labor - children ages 5-14:
total number: 26,658
percentage: 1 % (2000 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 22.7%
country comparison to the world: 49
male: 22.3%
female: 23.2% (2012)